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擺動式液壓缸

擺動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)式(shi)(shi)液壓(ya)缸(gang)是輸出扭(niu)矩并實現(xian)往(wang)復(fu)(fu)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的執行(xing)元件(jian)，有單(dan)(dan)葉片、雙(shuang)葉片、螺旋(xuan)擺動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)等幾種(zhong)形式(shi)(shi)。葉片式(shi)(shi)式(shi)(shi)：定(ding)子塊固定(ding)在缸(gang)體上，而(er)葉片和轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子連接在一起(qi)。根據進(jin)油方向，葉片將帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子作往(wang)復(fu)(fu)擺動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。螺旋(xuan)擺動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)式(shi)(shi)又(you)分單(dan)(dan)螺旋(xuan)擺動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)和雙(shuang)螺旋(xuan)兩(liang)種(zhong)，現(xian)在雙(shuang)螺旋(xuan)比較常用，靠(kao)兩(liang)個(ge)螺旋(xuan)副降液壓(ya)缸(gang)內活塞的直線(xian)(xian)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變為直線(xian)(xian)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)與自轉(zhuan)(zhuan)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的復(fu)(fu)he運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，從而(er)實現(xian)擺動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。

(1)閥(fa)芯卡(ka)住或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)閥(fa)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)堵(du)塞(sai)。當流量(liang)閥(fa)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)方向閥(fa)閥(fa)芯卡(ka)住或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)閥(fa)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)堵(du)塞(sai)時，液(ye)壓(ya)缸易(yi)發生誤動作或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)動作失靈。此時應檢查油液(ye)的污染情況；檢查臟(zang)物或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)膠質沉(chen)淀(dian)物是否卡(ka)住閥(fa)芯或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)堵(du)塞(sai)閥(fa)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)；檢查閥(fa)體的磨損情況，清(qing)洗(xi)、更換系(xi)統過濾(lv)器，清(qing)洗(xi)油箱，更換液(ye)壓(ya)介質。

(2)活(huo)塞桿(gan)(gan)與缸筒(tong)卡住或(huo)液(ye)壓缸堵塞。此時無論如何操縱(zong)，液(ye)壓缸都(dou)不動(dong)作或(huo)動(dong)作甚微。這時應檢查活(huo)塞及活(huo)塞桿(gan)(gan)密(mi)封是(shi)(shi)否太(tai)緊，是(shi)(shi)否進入臟物(wu)及膠質沉(chen)淀(dian)物(wu)：活(huo)塞桿(gan)(gan)與缸筒(tong)的軸心線是(shi)(shi)否對中，易損件和密(mi)封件是(shi)(shi)否失效，所帶負荷(he)是(shi)(shi)否太(tai)大。

現(xian)象（一）：串漏

原因：

1.壓力(li)迅速上升或者缸壁膨(peng)脹，油液進入間(jian)隙，壓力(li)形成(cheng)對(dui)密封的下(xia)行作(zuo)用，串漏形成(cheng)

2.密封(feng)環未設計(ji)泄(xie)壓槽

防止措施：

1.密封環設計留有泄壓(ya)槽，油液通過泄壓(ya)槽，填充溝槽從而(er)壓(ya)縮(suo)O形圈，產生密封

原因：

1.運動速度太快

2.有偏心運動(dong)

3.滑動面粗糙度不(bu)均勻

4.安裝時扭轉(zhuan)

防止措施：

1.改用唇形密封

2.消除偏心(xin)運動

3.修改滑動(dong)面粗糙度

4.注意安裝

原因：

1.溝槽設計不合理導(dao)致壓縮率太大(da)：沒有考(kao)慮到材料由(you)于熱量及(ji)化學介質引(yin)起的(de)變(bian)形(xing)，或由(you)于壓力過大(da)引(yin)起

防止措施：

1.溝槽的設(she)計(ji)應考慮到材料由于溫度及化(hua)學介質引起的變形(xing)